| Cleft Lip and Palate: |
| Your baby has been born with a split in the upper lip, gum and roof of the mouth. This condition is known as a Cleft Lip and Palate. It is a very upsetting experience for any parent to find their baby is not perfectly formed. When the deformity involves the face this makes things even more upsetting as it cannot be easily hidden and relatives and friends see and comment on it. Fortunately, modern Plastic Surgery can restore the Lip and the Palate to practically normal appearance and function.Like so many conditions that babies are born with, in the majority of cases no cause is known. It is certainly not due to anything the parents have done. In a small number of families the Cleft may have been inherited. |
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The Cleft Lip may be on the left or right - this is known as a unilateral Cleft. If it is on both sides it is a bilateral Cleft. The gap extends under the nostril through the gum and the roof of the mouth, this is the Palate. The Palate separates the mouth from the nose. The front half, because it has a layer of bone under the skin, is called the Hard Palate. The back half which is made up of muscle is called the Soft Palate. This is the most important part of the Palate as its job is to close off the nose from the mouth when the baby sucks, swallows and speaks. |
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| What Will Happen? |
| The Plastic Surgeon Dr Shehab Beg will aim to see you and your baby within twenty four hours of being told of his birth. He will explain what the treatment plan will be and when Surgery will take place. The Surgeon will also provide help if your baby is having feeding problems. If you cannot bring the baby initially, because of the distance involved, or other reasons the Plastic Surgeon will be able to see you at your earliest convenience. The Paediatrician (Child Specialist) however, will see you and the baby and will explain what is going to happen. The Plastic Surgeon will discuss the plans can be made for your baby's operation in due course. You will be given an appointment to see the Plastic Surgeon in his clinic at Lincoln or Boston within a month of your baby's birth. He will then arrange the date of the operation with you. |
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| The Operations |
| Your baby's lip operation will take place when child is three months old. Some Plastic Surgeons like to repair the Cleft Lip in the first week of life. We do not do this as per international protocol we prefer your baby to become well established and strong before surgery. The Palate repair will be carried out when the baby is six to nine months old. If your baby was born premature these operations may be left until he is a little older.
The purpose of these operations is to recreate near normal appearance to the baby's lip, and good function to the Palate so that he will be able to suck, swallow and develop good speech in due course. They are carried out under a general anaesthetic. The lip repair is an extremely delicate operation and takes over one and a half hours.
The muscles and skin of the baby's lip and nose are carefully re-arranged and stitched to form a near normal shape. The Palate cleft is closed by making two little cuts either side of the Palate, next to the gum. This is to release the tension in the skin so that the muscles can be brought together and sewn up in the middle. These cuts heal up very quickly without any stitches in about ten days time. Despite your Surgeon being called a "Plastic Surgeon", no skin grafting is done! |
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| Ear Problems |
| The tube that equalizes the pressure between your nose and your ear (Eustachian tube) is opened by the muscles of the Palate. As a result of this tube not working properly, most Cleft Palate children have fluid behind the ear drums making them slightly hard of hearing. At the same time as the Plastic Surgeon repairs the Palate, the Ear, Nose and Throat Surgeon will examine the baby's ears and drain any fluid that may have collected. Sometimes it is necessary to insert a ventilation tube, (Grommet), to prevent the fluid coming back. The Grommet will remain in position for about six months and will come out by itself. If there is a recurrence of fluid, the Grommet will be re-inserted to ensure normal hearing. Your E.N.T. Surgeon will check your child's hearing regularly following surgery. |
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| Speech |
| The Team Speech Therapist will assess your child's speech and language development regularly from a very early age. She will provide you with advice and arrange Speech Therapy treatment if necessary. A small number of Cleft children (less than 10%) have nasal sounding speech which Speech Therapy alone cannot correct. In these cases the Plastic Surgeon may carry out a further small operation to the muscles of the back of the throat. This is done between three to four years of age and is called a Pharyngoplasty. |
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| Your Baby's Teeth |
It is very important that your baby's teeth should be kept strong and healthy. So, he must have regular check-ups by your family dentist following his second birthday. He will be seen by the Orthodontist at the hospital when aged seven to eight years. Some Cleft children develop problems with their second set of teeth due to the upper jaw being small and causing the teeth to be over-crowded. The Orthodontist will correct these problems as the child grows.
There are probably lots of questions you would like to ask concerning your baby's Cleft Lip and Palate. Dr. Shehab Beg will be very happy to answer all these questions.
You may find that talking to other parents who have experienced caring for a Cleft baby even more helpful and reassuring.
Your surgeon must be properly qualified to do the operation and he will advise you what can and what cannot be achieved in your case. Do take that advice.
Dr. Mirza Shehab Afzal Beg is a british trained plastic surgeon possessing the highest qualification of Plastic surgery in UK i.e FRCS (Plast) which no other surgeon currently practicing in Pakistan has. He has also worked as a Consultant in Plastic Surgery in UK. On his return from UK he is based at Liaquat National Hospital and also is a honorary consultant at Aga Khan Hospital. |
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